Hello ASPS members,

The June edition of Phytogen is out now and can be accessed HERE. This edition features Using thought experiments to strengthen critical thinking at Universities by Assoc/Prof Hank Greenway.

Recent Global Plant Council bulletins can be accessed HERE for May and HERE for June.

 

 

This issue of Phytogen is for our students. I hope you enjoy reading reports from students presenting posters at last years ASPS2019 at La Trobe University in Melbourne.

We also have an article by Hank Greenway about teaching critical thinking (Greenway Critical thinking….). The article was written by Hank Greenway, UWA, and reflects on his teaching strategies developed in the 1980s and that are relevant today.

This article draws attention to a Feature Essay to be included as part of Chapter 3 in Plants in Action.
The Essay gives a detailed explanation of the essay topic and Hank’s development of thought experiments.

Using thought experiments to strengthen critical thinking at Universities

by Assoc/Prof Hank Greenway

Honorary Research Fellow, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia.

During the 1980s, I began using thought experiments in my courses on environmental plant biology to develop critical thinking in undergraduate students and young researchers. These thought experiments proved to be of great help to students and researchers in developing the rigour of their research and their ability to interrogate published information. They mastered the background material necessary to tackle the thought experiments, and they formulated and solved thought experiments, reinforcing their practice of the scientific method. The approach differs from that where the scientific method is described without involving logical reasoning and critical appraisal by students.

Briefly, thought experiments consist of:
1)  Formulating the problem (enigma) and setting a hypothesis.
2)  Designing an experiment(s) to solve the enigma.
3)  Considering how far the suggested experiment(s) go towards solving the enigma and what new questions they raise.

An example is described in a featured-essay-in-Chapter-3-of-Plants-In-Action, co-authored with Jane Gibbs, David Turner and Brian Atwell. In our example, the essential background material is regulation of solute uptake and of cytoplasmic pH, subjects that are eminently suited to foster innovation and independent thought. These themes are relevant to how plants ‘manage’ in their physical and chemical environment. A similar approach is feasible in other disciplines.

A statement by Frank Carrigan, Macquarie Law School, that ‘…university teaching is there for people to take ownership of their learning’ seems so obvious. Yet it took me years at The University of Western Australia to find a design that motivated students and young researchers to become independent and skilled in critical thinking and debating their views. My specific purpose was to foster independence and engender confidence to test new ideas, with an emphasis on skills in practising the scientific method. In my experience, the approach outlined here and in detail in our featured-essay came closest to achieving this objective.

 

Student reports from La Trobe University ASPS2019

Bo Eng Cheong, PhD candidate, School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne

I am Bo Eng Cheong, a final year PhD candidate from Professor Ute Roessner’s laboratory of School of BioSciences, the University of Melbourne. My PhD study focused on the understanding of cold acclimation response in Australian spring wheat cultivars upon cold stress (chilling, frost), by using metabolomics and lipidomics approaches. This study is also collaborated with Dr Rudy Dolferus from the CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) in Canberra.

I became the member of Australian Society for Plant Scientist (ASPS) since 2016. I was excited to participate in the “ASPS 2019 Bringing Plant Science Together” conference to present my work via poster entitled “Phenotyping reproductive stage chilling and frost tolerance in wheat using targeted metabolome and lipidome profiling”. During the poster viewing session, I received so many positive feedback and comments from the audiences that come from different background such as academic field, industry, and research organization. I also gained many extra information about the wheat crop and the current situation of the crop production in Australia during the Grains Satellite meeting, which was held on the last day of the ASPS 2019 conference. All those invaluable comments and information I gained during the conference are very useful to further consolidate my study and helpful during my thesis writing.

What makes me more excited is that when I was announced as the 1^st prize winner for the ASPS Student Poster Competition. This is totally beyond my expectation! I was so touched and couldn’t hold back my tears when I received the award. Not only because I won the prize, but mainly because of my hard work get paid off and my study is recognized by people. Thank you so much ASPS 2019! Thank you so much to my beloved supervisors, collaborators and all the people that have helped me to make this study successful! ASPS 2019 will definitely become one of the sweetest journeys that I will cherish in my life!

 

Meridy Price, PhD student, School of Natural Sciences: Life Sciences, University of Tasmania

After finishing my honours project at University of Tasmania in 2019, I attended the ASPS 2019 conference at Latrobe University. This was my first conference I had attended, and I was thankful for the opportunity to present a poster on my honours research topic while I was there. My poster was based on my research into germination response to temperature in three native Australian forb species; Microseris walteri, Bulbine bulbosa, and Arthropodium fimbriatum and how local climate affects germination response curve and thermal germination niche in fragmented populations of these three species.

I was excited to take my findings to ASPS 2019 and share them with my fellow plant scientists and I received a lot of positive feedback and some great tips while I was there. This experience was my first time presenting my research to other academics and I was honoured to win second prize in the student poster competition.

I am truly grateful for the effort and expertise of the team that organised ASPS 2019, it was a terrific opportunity to listen to what other researchers are working on. I especially enjoyed Prof Jennie Brand-Miller’s talk on carbohydrate nutrition and Dr TJ Higgins’ discussion on how to educate people about GMOs. I started on my PhD not long after the conference ended (only a month later) and I hope to have some exciting results to share with the ASPS in the future.

 

Deepak Baranwal, Plant Breeding Institute, University of Sydney

I am Deepak Baranwal, a PhD candidate at the University of Sydney, Plant Breeding Institute. ACIAR John Allwright fellowship supports current PhD study. Aim of this study was to discover novel rust resistance genes/QTL in wheat. Evolution of virulent rust pathotypes stresses to detect effective genes /QTL and their deployment in Australian wheat varieties. To address the objective, bi-parental and association mapping populations have been characterized against aggressive rust pathotypes and genotyped using Illumina 90K SNP array and targeted genotyping-by-sequencing approach. Two chapters of the study have been presented as oral talks in COMBIO-2018 and ASPS-2019.

I joined the Australian Society of Plant Scientists (ASPS) as a student member. It offers a golden opportunity to interaction research leaders across the Australasia. I have participated in COMBIO-2018, held at the International Convention Centre, Sydney. I delivered the first talk of my PhD journey at this conference. This conference offered a fantastic opportunity to network with a vibrant scientific community. I was overwhelmed with this positive vibe and registered for ASPS-2019. I acknowledged the ASPS travel grant to present my work at Agri Bio, La Trobe University, Melbourne. Active engagement of participants in the networking program was outstanding. Most of the sessions were targeted to Plant Science community. I truly enjoyed this conference and it would be a great memory of my PhD journey.

 

 

Abi Ghifari, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia

I am Abi Ghifari, a PhD candidate at the School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia. I was grateful to receive the Australian Society of Plant Scientists (ASPS) Travel Award to attend the 2019 ASPS Conference in La Trobe University, Melbourne. Being my first conference ever since I started my PhD journey, I was excited to share a part of my studies to wider community of scientists as well as to hear latest research from fellow graduate students and leading scientists.

In this conference, I presented a poster on one of my research focus about investigating the molecular and biological functions of a new proline aminopeptidase in a model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Aminopeptidases are a group of enzymes responsible for recovering single amino acids from short peptides. Therefore, they are essential in the last stage of proteolytic and peptidolytic reactions within cells and the deletion of their functions have implications in plant growth and stress response. During the presentation, I had a lot of insightful discussions with fellow presenters regarding how to improve my experimental design and data analysis and received positive feedback, which encouraged me to further continue my research. By presenting my research in this conference, I had a chance to increase my profile visibility as an aspiring scientist as well as establish a good networking with fellow students and potential future collaborators and employers.

This conference was also a great opportunity to hear latest results from national and international leaders in plant science. Topics and applications were widely ranging, from laboratory bench, greenhouse, and field, yet with the shared ultimate goal of increasing efficiency of plants in tackling various environmental conditions. I was also grateful as in this occasion, my supervisor Dr Monika Murcha was awarded Jan Anderson Award for her consistent research in plant science. Overall, I am deeply grateful for the ASPS to award me a travel grant to attend this wonderful conference.

 

 

 

Tetsuya Ishikawa, PhD Candidate, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture (TIA), University of Tasmania

ASPS Conference 2019 at La Trobe University was quite meaningful as professional people in the field of plant science in Australia and the world met together to have great discussions. La Trobe University is located in a suburb of Melbourne, and its peaceful atmosphere was quite comfortable and delightful. I appreciate ASPS to provide me Student Travel Grant that was quite helpful to attend this conference. Over the four days of the conference, a lot of aspects in the field of plant science were discussed that developed better understandings and especially will contribute to future food production. This conference also provided us opportunities for networking that widened and strengthened our global community.

I could communicate my research outcomes as a poster presentation; “Revealing physiological basis of differential salinity stress tolerance between cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and its halophytic relative (Oryza coarctata)”. Feedbacks from professional researchers and students from other institutions were quite helpful to improve my ongoing research. Widened my networking will contribute to my future career development, especially after I graduate PhD study. I also attended a wildlife sanctuary tour which is organised by ASPS and La Trobe University staff. It was pretty wonderful, and fortunately, we could see a sugar glider that was the most exciting moment. I enjoyed and learned a lot from this conference, and this experience is unforgettable and precious in my career.

 

Phan Thi Thanh Hoai, University of Adelaide

Greetings! I’m Phan Thi Thanh Hoai, an international student at the University of Adelaide, undertaking my PhD research in the field of plant science. My research is focussed on exploring the roles of aquaporins in seed imbibition and germination. I am supervised by Dr Caitlin Byrt from The Australian National University, and Professor Steve Tyerman and Dr Jiaen Qiu from the University of Adelaide.

From a very young age, I was always intrigued by abundant colourful flowers and delicious fruits from my hometown in Vietnam. Then questions came into my mind about how plants generate food products, and this inspired me to study plant science. Plant science revealed to me that plants are complicated. Hidden within plants are many biological secrets waiting to be discovered. At the moment, my research is focused on seed imbibition and germination, the very first stages of when plants start their life journeys, and my specific research questions relate to investigating processes influencing water transport during these critical phases of development. Please see the following review to learn more about this topic: Hoai et al., 2020. Deciphering aquaporin regulation and roles in seed biology. Journal of Experimental Botany, 71(6), pp.1763-1773https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz555.

Attending the 2019 Australian Society of Plant Scientists Conference in Melbourne was a great privilege, and I am especially grateful to ASPS for supporting a travel student award so that I could participate and share my research outcomes. The conference was a fantastic opportunity to learn more about the latest advances in plant science and meet other plant scientists in Australia and other countries. I also had a chance to present my results in a presentation and a poster. I received useful feedback from generous and experienced senior scientists and felt more enthusiastic and motivated when I returned home to continue to pursue my research. As a result of participating in the conference, I have established connections with other researchers and beyond, I feel more confident about communicating with the greater scientific community and I’m looking forward to building on the networks I developed to create collaborative opportunities in the future.

 

Zeenat Rupawalla, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland

I received a travel grant from the Australian Society of Plant Sciences which helped me attend the first time ASPS conference 2019 held in Melbourne – La Trobe University. This provided me the opportunity to meet other plant scientist at different stages of their careers. This conference not only allowed me to present my first year PhD work, but also enabled me to learn from other PhD students and plant scientist. Through this, I was able to develop adequate professional contacts that will aid in my future career development and open opportunities for me after I finish my PhD.

Moreover, presenting my work as a poster helped propagate some interesting conversations which has greatly benefited me to address some potential problems I would face in my project. My project is more inclined towards the commercialisation of biological soil additives using microalgae and cyanobacteria from wastewater systems. This can pave way for circular bioeconomy and contribute to sustainable agriculture in the future to feed a growing population of 9.8 billion people by 2050 (FAO 2016).

Ultimately, it was so inspiring to see other PhD students’ posters as well as their presentations, and to know that we are a part of the future tackling problems in the sustainable agriculture space. I am very grateful for ASPS for giving me the opportunity to present my work at ASPS 2019, and to be a part of the plant science community.

 

R.N. Robertson Travelling Fellowship, Juan De La Cruz Jimenez Serna, UWA.

In my PhD studies at the University of Western Australia, I have focused on the identification of physiological traits associated with the tolerance of the C4 perennial grasses Urochloa spp to waterlogged acidic soils.

In my studies, we have found that root traits including higher aerenchyma percentage, lower stele area, suberized exodermis, lignified sclerenchyma and a barrier to impede the radial O₂ loss are helping to improve plant internal aeration, thus, facilitating the O₂ movement from shoots to roots and enabling root growth and nutrient uptake under low-O₂ conditions. Moreover, from our studies on root radial O₂ loss in response to toxic ions (i.e., Fe⁺²) and low-O₂(deoxygenated agar) treatments, we found out that the development of a barrier to impede radial O₂ loss also prevents the entry of toxic ions into the roots.

In several meetings with my supervisor Prof. Tim Colmer, we discussed about the results of my research and the need for measuring root respiration and root cellular O₂ concentration in plants growing in low-O₂ conditions. These measurements are key for understanding the influence of low-O₂ conditions on processes such us root growth and nutrient uptake and would provide important data to understand functioning of roots under limited O₂ conditions. Fortunately, Prof. Ole Pedersen from the University of Copenhagen visited our lab in Perth in 2017, we discussed with him our data set and he offered the opportunity for me to visit his lab and do the measurements required.

Thanks to the R.N. Robertson Travelling Fellowship, the Australian Society of Plant Scientists and funds from Prof. Tim Colmer and Prof. Ole Pedersen, I was able to visit Prof. Ole’s Lab, the Freshwater Biological Laboratory of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. Prof. Ole’s lab is a state of the art laboratory with unparalleled facilities for measuring root tissue O₂ status. The lab has O₂ microelectrodes, micro-manipulators, respiration chambers and the gas mixers needed to run my experiments.

Before travelling to Denmark, I sent seeds from two genotypes (previously evaluated during my PhD) having contrasting root features. The seeds were planted before I arrived and after establishment, the plants were grown in controlled conditions of light and temperature in pots filled with deoxygenated stagnant medium during three weeks (Fig. 1).

 

Fig. 1. Plants growing in deoxygenated stagnant conditions under controlled light and temperature.

 

 

 

 

Individual plants were used for measurements of root tissue O₂ status by radial profiling across intact roots (from external medium, across the epidermis and outer tissues, cortex and into the stele). The shoots were sealed off in a chamber and the roots were on stirred water at O₂ equilibrium (Fig. 2).

 

Fig. 2. Experimental set-up. The roots are in stirring water at O₂ equilibrium and the shoots are in a chamber with controlled O₂ concentration. Microscope is used to position the microelectrode, and O₂ profiles are taken by slightly moving the microelectrode using a micromanipulator and a computer system.

 

 

 

 

The roots were reliant on internal O₂ supply via root aerenchyma and the concentration of O₂ in shoots was manipulated (21 or 42% O₂ concentration) using gas mixers. Moreover, the temperature of the water medium was controlled at 5 or 25 °C.

This research collaboration using an unique set-up has helped us to increase our understanding of tissue O₂ status within roots under low-O₂ conditions when the external conditions (i.e. O₂ concentration and temperature) change. Moreover, in this project we could elucidate some physiological aspects of root aeration under low-O₂ conditions. In fact, measurements of O₂ profiling have been merely done in wetland plans, thus, this work reinforces the understanding of O₂dynamics in C4 grasses. This knowledge adds invaluable significance to my previous findings and adds important data for my PhD thesis.

Fig. 3. From left to right. Prof Ole Pedersen, PhD student Lucas Ogorek, Dr. Elisa Pellegrini and myself.

This project has been very educational for me, having worked side by side with Prof. Ole (an expert and top scientist on responses of plants to low-O₂ conditions) and his team (Fig. 3) has contributed to improve my knowledge on O₂ transport in plants and my skills in the use of eco-physiology equipment. I am very grateful to the R.N. Robertson Travelling Fellowship, the Australian Society of Plant Scientists, the University of Western Australia, Prof. Tim Colmer and Prof. Ole Pedersen for funding my project. I would also like to thank Lucas, Elisa, Raheb, Ayoe, Ann and many others at the University of Copenhagen that made my stay in Denmark pleasant and productive.

 

Events for your calendar: 

 

You can email us at the communications website if you have upcoming events to promote, virtual and face-to-face. Please also send us any enlightening stories to share.

Tweet to us: @asps_ozplants and Facebook

Welcome to Phytogen for May 2020. In this issue are reports from ASPS award lectures by Ros and Monika. Reflecting on both of these lectures has been especially enlightening and inspiring and hopefully you can draw some encouragement when considering the last few months and for the months to come.

We really (in real-life) look forward to seeing our fellow colleagues, researchers, teachers and students someday once COVID-19 abates. We hope you are managing to keep up with us in the digital world in the meantime. Tweet to us: @asps_ozplants and Facebook                                        Image from favpng.com

 

Science is objective – with a dash of social context: What I learnt from my own 2019 JG Wood Award Lecture

Prof Ros Gleadow, Monash University

President of The Global Plant Council and a Past-President of ASPS

Science is objective and progresses step-by-step. That’s what we are all taught and largely that is true. As I’ve gone on as a scientist, though, it’s dawned on me that our science is also influenced by the society in which we live. In my JG Wood lecture, I outlined how my work on cyanide-producing plants, and plant defence theories more generally, has progressed over the years. I described how knowledge of cyanogenesis has built-up incrementally with input from plant physiology, molecular genetics, taxonomy, biochemistry and ecology[1],[2]. I set this in the context of the principles governing how plants allocate resources to growth and defence, and how that may be affected by climate change[3]. About 5-10% of plants produce cyanogenic glucosides, nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites that break down to release hydrogen cyanide when plant tissues are disrupted, for example when they are munched by herbivores. They can also be used to transport and store nitrogen and may even play a role in mitigating oxidative stress.

The paradigms in which I have operated over my career and used to form hypotheses and aid in interpretation reflect the socio-economic context in which they were in vogue surprisingly well. All have merit, but it is worth thinking about the eras when many of these theories were formulated and gained popularity. In the 1960s, for example, the emphasis was on optimal allocation[4] and coevolution (think summer of love). In the 70s this became less friendly, with the advent of ‘’arms race’’ terminology (think Cold War). In the 80s defence theories were all about resource availability[5] and in the 90s the emphasis was clearly on trade-offs and economics (economic rationalism). This progressed further to the “big house, big car” hypothesis[6] where you end up with haves and have-nots. All of these theories have limitations, and all are true in some circumstances, but it is sobering to realise our science may not be so objective after all.

Figure: Somewhat provocative final slide from Ros Gleadow’s JG Wood Lecture on plant defence theories. November 2019.

So where are we now? We are moving towards an overriding, global theory that accounts for complexity and interrelationships. This was clear in the title of my talk: Stress, Defence and Photosynthesis are Entangled (think Globalisation?). As I prepared my talk, I turned my thoughts to current world politics and realised the whole world has gone mad! No one knows what’s going on! (see Figure). Since November, the world has been shaken by the outbreak of COVID-19. While this pandemic continues, we’re all in some kind of holding pattern. When it’s finally over, and it will eventually be over, no doubt theories of defence will also change to reflect our new world. I wonder what that will be? Will it be about preparedness and (hopefully) compassion? Or will it be more ruthless. Perhaps we should start thinking about this right now so we can be on the front of the new wave of plant defence theories.  Take care and stay safe,

Ros Gleadow, May 2020

[1] McKey D. 1974. Adaptive patterns in alkaloid physiology. American Naturalist 108: 305-320.

[2] Gleadow RM, Woodrow IE (2002) Constraints on the effectiveness of cyanogenic glycosides in herbivore defence. Journal Chemical Ecology, 28, 1301-1313.

[3] Gleadow RM, Johnson A, Tausz M (2013) Crops for a future climate. Functional Plant Biology 40: 3-6.

[4] Gleadow RM, Møller BL (2014) Cyanogenic glucosides- synthesis, physiology and plasticity. Annual Review of Plant Biology 65: 155-85.

[5] Coley PD, Bryant JP, Chapin III FS (1985) Resource availability and plant anti-herbivore defense. Science 230: 895-899.

[6] Reznick D, Nunney L, Tessier A (2000) Big houses, big cars, superfleas and the costs of reproduction. TREE 15: 421-425.

 

Mitochondrial Machineries for import, assembly and proteolysis:

2019 Jan Anderson Award Lecture

Dr Monika Murcha, University of Western Australia.

Monika Murcha is a Senior Lecturer at the School of Molecular Sciences, at the University of Western Australia (UWA).  She obtained her PhD in Plant Molecular Biology at UWA and was successful in obtaining an ARC Post-doctoral fellowship followed by an ARC Future Fellowship. Monika established her own laboratory at the School of Molecular Sciences in 2014 and has continued her strong collaboration with Plant Energy Biology researchers at UWA and nationally. Monika Murcha’s research has shown that the import of proteins and tRNA from the cytosol is a vital biological point of control for regulating mitochondrial activity, mass and number. She has also uncovered key transporters and receptors necessary for regulating organelle biogenesis, which are indispensable for energy production and optimal plant growth and development.

I am fortunate enough to be able to work towards something that is truly fascinating to me, understanding the complex molecular interactions in the cell that can regulate mitochondrial activity. When I first started my Honours project under the supervision of Prof. James Whelan, I was isolating mitochondria from pea leaves and carrying out protein uptake assays to determine if protein import uptake is a developmentally regulated process. Which it is, and since then I have continued to look for answers to such questions. I have identified key transporters and receptors are vital for regulating the rate of protein import and tRNA into plant mitochondria^{1, 2}. I have discovered dynamic interactions between the mitochondrial protein import apparatus and the respiratory chain³, and most recently, identified novel regulators required for their assembly⁴. The joy I get from working in the lab and making discoveries, collaborating with brilliant scientists and passing on my skills and knowledge to my students is unbeatable, but being recognised by the ASPS by receiving the 2019 Jan Anderson award is truly amazing.

1. Murcha et al., Plant-Specific Preprotein and Amino Acid Transporter Proteins Are Required for tRNA Import into Mitochondria.Plant Physiol. 2016 Dec;1724:2471-2490.
2. Wang et al., The mitochondrial protein import component, TRANSLOCASE OF THE INNER MEMBRANE17-1, plays a role in defining the timing of germination in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2014 Nov;1663:1420-35.
3. Wang et al., . Dual location of the mitochondrial preprotein transporters B14.7 and Tim23-2 in complex I and the TIM17:23 complex in Arabidopsis links mitochondrial activity and biogenesis. Plant Cell. 2012 Jun;246:2675-95.
4. Ivanova et al.,. A Mitochondrial LYR Protein Is Required for Complex I Assembly. Plant Physiol. 2019 Dec;181(4):1632-1650.

 

Remember, Monday (today) is…………….

Share your online/digital events on Twitter @PlantDay18May with the hashtags #FoPD and #plantday Also tweet to us: @asps_ozplants

 

 

Events for your calendar: 

iLEAPS – OzFlux postponed until 2022 new dates soon………….

 

You can email us at the communications website if you have upcoming events to promote, virtual and face-to-face. Please also send us any enlightening stories to share.

Take care and stay safe.

Dear ASPS members past and present,

 

I hope this email finds you safe and well,

 

The April edition of Phytogen is out now and can be accessed HERE.

 

We are currently seeking nominations (self-nominations encouraged) for the ASPS teaching award. The ASPS Teaching Award recognises excellence, innovation and/or other contributions with successful learning outcomes to teaching plant science at the University level. Many of us have experienced (and implement) recently, a significant change in the way we teach plant sciences. We encourage our members to consider sharing and promoting their experiences by nominating for this award.

 

Nominations can be sent to the secretary@asps.org.au by Friday the 29^th of May, 2020.

 

Kind regards, 

 

Dr Simon Williams

Honorary Secretary, ASPS

This is quite a bumper digital issue

• • • Next Month 18th May Fascination of Plants Day 2020
    • Plantae Webinars
    • Digital Courses
    • Plants in Action – Our Digital Resource 🙂
    • World Earth Day is next week, Wednesday 22nd April 2020
    • Science meets Parliament 2019 reports from Tracey Cuin and Ricky Milne
    • Last months Phytogen

  

  Next month will be Fascination of Plants Day May Monday 18th 2020. This year because of coronavirus, the event will not be coordinated by the European Plant Science Organisation (EPSO) out of Brussels and they are asking us to broaden our social media portfolio. Please respect your national regulation and restriction regarding the coronavirus and share your online/digital events on Twitter @PlantDay18May with the hashtags #FoPD and #plantday

  For example, post photos of your house plants……

  

or let us know by posting to @asps_ozplants . Please also let us know (post @asps_ozplants) if you are registering to watch webinars such as Plantae Presents

or digital courses such as…..

WORLD OF WINE: FROM GRAPE TO GLASS

 

During this time, many teachers and tutors are moving to online courses. Please make use of Plants in Action to prepare your teaching 🙂

World Earth Day Wednesday 22nd April 2020 – goes digital!

SCIENCE MEETS PARLIAMENT 2019

At the end of November 2019, I represented the ASPS at Science meets Parliament. It was a full-on, intense but very enjoyable couple of days. There were excellent seminars, incredibly constructive workshops, useful and interesting networking opportunities and a chance to talk to people who did science things that I wasn’t aware of or had a clue about.

The first day started with a breakfast meeting with other with “ecosystem science” societies – a chance to meet and chat to life science people outside my research area.

Afterwards and dressed nicely (clear instructions were provided with what to wear), we started the first day.

Presentations, seminars and workshops was the order of the day. The importance of communicating with MPs, the responsibility of all scientist to share their expertise and that we needed to work together with politician was emphasised. Winthrop Professor Fiona Wood gave an inspiring presentation. And the workshops and seminars of how to communicate and pitch your science were enlightening and a bit of an education.

The Gala Dinner was the social highlight of the event. Good food, excellent seminars and wonderful table companions. I sat next to a guy who is improving maths education in Indigenous communities, and it was fascinating to hear about his work.

I also met Brian Mitchell, Federal Member of Lyons, Tasmania, to whom I was assigned. He happened to be born 20 km from where I was in the UK, so that was a good start. I invited him to come and visit the Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, which he did in January this year. An excellent birthday evening for me!

More seminars and workshops on the second day, plus a chance to more formally meet Mr Brian Mitchell. I didn’t get much chance to talk to him – he was called away for a “division”. But I did get him to agree to put himself forward for the STEM Ambassador Programme, which he did. I am now an Ambassador, representing the ASPS, with him as my partner MP.

The absolute best bit of the whole event though was Question Time. It was the time of the Angus Taylor affair, so it was particularly entertaining – and loud! Much more boisterous than the UK equivalent.

So, a brilliant couple of days and I would advise anyone who gets the chance, go to this event.

 

 

 

 

Ricky Milne – CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Black Mountain, Canberra

I was fortunate to be one of this year’s ASPS representatives at Science meets Parliament, held in November 2019. Science meets Parliament is a two-day meeting held annually in Canberra, where STEM professionals learn how science fits in to the workings of parliament and the policy making process, network with others from broad scientific backgrounds and have the opportunity to meet with a parliamentarian to give them a snapshot of their science. Given I don’t closely follow politics, this meeting was extremely useful and informative.

The bar was set high on the first morning, with the opening address given by renowned burns specialist, Winthrop Professor Fiona Wood. She shared her experiences of science and innovation in her career, and the importance of communicating our research findings. We also heard from Australia’s Chief Scientist, Dr Alan Finkel and NZ’s Chief Science Advisor Prof. Gary Evans, who discussed prospects for the future and how to talk science to government. A major focus of this meeting was on developing skills and practicing how to pitch our research in a brief, accessible format, working towards putting this training into practice whilst meeting with a parliamentarian on the second day. Part of this was learning how to capture the audience’s interest in shorter and shorter time periods, until we could do so convincingly in twenty seconds. I was fortunate to practice my pitch with Prof. Fiona Wood, who was extremely down-to-earth and unsurprisingly gave me some great tips. After a packed schedule of networking, skill building and panel discussions, the day concluded at the gala dinner held in the Great Hall at Parliament House.

On day two, we ventured to Parliament House and saw what that goes on during a sitting day – constant bells ringing, parliamentarians scurrying around to vote in time, last minute schedule changes and Prime Minister getting grilled during question time about his phone call to the NSW police chief. After learning how to pitch our science on day one, we were ready to put that into practice when meeting with a parliamentarian on day two. Meetings weren’t scheduled until late and changed up until the last minute. After attending question time, our group was due to meet with Dr John McVeigh, member for Groom, but were rescheduled to meet with Meryl Swanson, member for Paterson, who had other matters to attend but we had a good discussion with her chief of staff. This exemplified the nature of how things unfold at Parliament House.

 

Science meets Parliament isn’t the typical meeting and I did not know what to expect but was pleasantly surprised. I would highly recommend it to anyone considering attending. However, after two days of wearing a suit and uncomfortable shoes, I learned that I definitely prefer casual clothes and a lab coat!

 

This year ComBio 2020 in Melbourne has been delayed until 2022.

In coming months, stay tuned and watch this space for ASPS society 2020 award webinars. 

Last months Phytogen

Last months Phytogen had an article about the Canadian company Medicago researching to develop a coronavirus vaccine. Australians are also researching to develop a vaccine from Australian Native Plants

Welcome to Phytogen for March 2020. Unfortunately, this year will be remembered as the year our world tackled Covid-19. As we do this over the next few weeks and months, if it helps to alleviate uncertainty you can send me articles that inspire you (georgia.koerber@adelaide.edu.au) and to other members of our communications committee for sharing on Phytogen. Please include some commentary about why they inspire you and if they are in your research area. It would be awesome to receive some material where plants have contributed to solving global problems such as we are facing now, in the past or future.

To start, Chris Cazzonelli from the Hawkesbury Institute, Western Sydney University (WSU) has sent research by WSU and ANU. Click on the link or head to the website: https://phys.org/news/2020-03-darkness-unravel-energy.html. The research has discovered new chemical communication pathways that determine how plants change when they emerge from darkness in the soil to light with implications for their energy generation.

image from Pixabay

Something I have been amazed to read about is plants being used to create vaccines, as an alternative to chicken eggs; as bioreactors for growing vaccine proteins. The biopharmaceutical company from Canada, Medicago doesn’t work with a live virus, instead the team insert a genetic sequence into a soil bacteria, which is taken up by the plants, which then reportedly begin to produce the protein that can then be used as a vaccine. They soon hope to submit this unique technology for FDA approval. The difference between plants and eggs is “we go directly to producing the vaccine or the antibody without having to propagate the virus” Mr Bruce Clark said, CEO of Medicago.

This year, ASPS has had a new Honorary Secretary Simon Williams from ANU. Below he writes about his research.

Simon Williams 2019 Peter Goldacre Recipient with ASPS President Kathy Soole at ASPS2019 LaTrobe University.

The structural-basis of plant innate immunity

It is estimated that plant diseases account for up to 15% of crop loses worldwide, presenting a significant economic, environmental and social challenge in a world facing increased demands on food, fibre and biofuels. While the lifestyles of plant pathogens are diverse, a common feature is the use of secreted proteins, collectively known as effectors, which promote pathogen virulence and facilitate disease. During infection plant pathogens can mobilise 10-100s of effector proteins. In response, plants utilise both extracellular and intracellular multi-domain immunity proteins to detect effectors and this recognition leads to disease resistance. The intracellular immunity receptors, known as nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptors (NLRs), are arguably the most important plant immunity receptor and can recognise specific effectors to provide protection against potential pathogens. Plant genomes contain hundreds, in some cases thousands, of NLR genes, to ensure maximum protection within their environment. Despite this, resistance is defeated when this repertoire of NLRs can no longer perceive the presence of an effector during the plant-pathogen interaction. We are interested in understanding how NLR proteins perceive effectors and activate disease resistance pathways. To study this, we use a multidisciplinary approach harnessing the power of protein structural biology, biochemistry and biophysics to inform our studies in plants. The Peter Goldacre award recognises the contributions that I have made to understanding how NLR proteins signal via protein-protein oligomerisation through their N-terminal (see papers below). Of course, these achievements were the result of a large team effort and involved numerous national and international collaborators.

Recently, I started my own laboratory in the Division of Plant Sciences within the Research School of Biology at the Australian National University.

Simon in the lab working with plant proteins.

Our Structural Plant Immunology laboratory seek to understand the molecular-basis of fungal pathogenicity and plant innate immunity. A major focus of our work is the development of methodologies that will enable the engineering of synthetic plant immunity receptors. If successful, we believe these tools and techniques could revolutionise the number of NLR genes available to plant breeders to reduce losses induced by pathogens in instances where resistance does not exist or has been overcome.

I’m excited to take on the role of honorary secretary for ASPS. I joined ASPS at the start of my PhD and have benefited significantly through the collegiality and support that the society provides. I look forward to supporting and promoting the society in my new role.

Williams SJ, Sohn KH, Wan L, Bernoux M, Sarris PF, Segonzac C, Ve T, Ma Y, Saucet SB, Ericsson DJ, Casey LW, Lonhienne T, Winzor DJ, Zhang X, Coerdt A, Parker JE, Dodds PN, Kobe B, Jones JDG (2014). Structural basis for assembly and function of a heterodimeric plant immune receptor. Science, 344: 299-303.

Casey L, Lavrencic P, Bentham AR, Cesari S, Ericsson DJ, Croll T, Turk D, Anderson PA, Mark AE, Dodds PN, Mobli M, Kobe B, Williams SJ (2016). The CC domain structure from the wheat stem rust resistance protein Sr33 challenges paradigms for dimerization in plant NLR proteins. PNAS. 113 (45), 12856-12861.

Zhang X, Bernoux M, Bentham AR†, Newman TE, Ve T, Casey LW, Raaymakers TM, Hu J, Croll TI, Schreiber KJ, Staskawicz BJ, Anderson PA, Sohn KH, Williams SJ, Dodds PN and Kobe B. (2017) Multiple functional self-association interfaces in plant TIR domains. PNAS. 114: E2046-E2052.

Keep these meetings in your calendar: ComBio2020 and IPMB2021

 

Keep sending your images to Tam Salter for our ASPS banners.

Please ensure they are .PNG , .jpg, .TIFF, or .pdf, with greater than 300 dpi, email: william.salter@sydney.edu.au

If the images have people, they will have to sign a permission form: ASPSbanner2020

Please print the permission form and have them sign then send along with your image to Tam, we look forward to receiving your images.

 

 

 

Dear ASPS members,

11 Feb is International Day of Women and Girls in Science.

February Phytogen is now available HERE.   See the Plant Nutrition Trust Award reports and up coming conferences.

Applications for numerous prestigious ASPS awards are currently opened with a closing date 14^th of February 2020. Nominate yourself. More details below.

Call for nominations for ASPS president elect

We are currently seeking nominations for the next ASPS president. If you have a passion for Plant Science and an interest in helping to drive and shape research and education in the Australian Plant Science community please consider nominating.

Nominations can be sent to the secretary@asps.org.au by Friday the 28^th of February 2020

 

ASPS Research Awards

The Peter Goldacre Award and the Jan Anderson Award are the premier research awards from ASPS. The Peter Goldacre award is awarded for research contributions for early/mid-career researchers (male or female) within 10 years since PhD, and the Jan Anderson Award specifically recognises the significant contribution of mid-career female researchers.

ASPS Teaching Awards

The ASPS Teaching Award recognises excellence, innovation and/or other contributions with successful learning outcomes to teaching plant science at the University level.

Applications for these awards need to be sent to the secretary@asps.org.au by the 14^th of February, 2020.

 

Please see full details and eligibility requirements on the ASPS website: https://www.asps.org.au/awards

Kind regards,

Dr Simon Williams

Honorary Secretary, ASPS

Welcome to Phytogen for February. 2020 is the International Year of Plant Health. You can read more at the FAO website.

Also occurring this week will be United Nations International Day of Women and Girls in Science.

It is very timely then; to plan conferences and workshops for the year. If you want to advertise an event use this link. Below are some to get you thinking.

1. THE PLANT NUTRITION TRUST is inviting applications for awards to assist in carrying out a study tour or to attend a conference or such other activity related to their stated objectives. The TRUST has been established to encourage and promote research and technology transfer in the areas of plant mineral nutrition, soil fertility, fertiliser and soil amendment technologies and certain abiotic stresses. Related topics in agronomy and plant breeding etc will also be considered.

Awards will be made to promising PhD students, post-doctoral students and early-career scientists working in the areas mentioned above. Applicants must be currently working in Australia and linked with a recognised university or relevant institution. Details and application forms available by clicking on the below links. Applications close 20th March 2020.

pdf:  PlantNutritionTrust_Intro&Appl_2020

word: PlantNutritionTrust_Intro&Appl_202

 

2. FOOD AND WATER SECURITY INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP: ENGINEERING AQUAPORINS TO BOOST CROP YIELDS AND WATER RECYCLING TECHNOLOGIES

12 May 2020 to 15 May 2020.

What types of new biotechnologies are needed to ensure food and water security in the future?

Join us for a workshop at the Shine Dome in Canberra (13-15^th May 2020; https://www.shinedome.org.au/whats-on) to explore how we can use and engineer aquaporin proteins to boost crop productivity and advance water filtration technologies.

Student travel support is available thanks to ASPS – please apply, more details below. Discount early bird registration is now open and talks selected from abstracts will receive registration reimbursement – https://www.eventbrite.com.au/e/workshop-on-engineering-ion-channel-aquaporins-and-boosting-food-security-tickets-78557334101

Examples of workshop highlights include:

• Hear from Professor Steve Tyerman (University of Adelaide) and Professor Christophe Maurel (B&PMP, Montpellier) about the latest developments in controlling water relations, cell signaling and regulation of hydraulics in plants.
• Learn about the link between aquaporin function and cancer cell metastasis and the discovery of aquaporin ion channel features from Professor Andrea Yool’s research (University of Adelaide).
• Learn about the roles of aquaporins in influencing crop plant physiology from Professor Francois Chaumont’s research (UCLouvain, Belgium) on maize aquaporins, Professor Maki Katsuhara’s research (Okayama University) on barley aquaporins and A/Professor Tomoaki Horie’s work on rice aquaporins (Shinshu University).
• Learn about imaging the movement of element isotopes to understand aquaporin function from Professsor Keitaro Tanoi and A/Professor Natsuko Kobayashi (University of Tokyo).
• Discover new directions in technology development for water filtration from Aquaporin Asia’s Dr Sun Guofei. These technologies are used to purify astronaut waste water in space and can help us sure up our future water security on Earth.
• Build your knowledge in understanding how aquaporins help living cells tolerate osmotic stress and how we can use this information to create the biotechnologies of the future!

 

The 2020 International Ion Channel Aquaporin Workshop creates the opportunity to facilitate sharing knowledge, ideas and results in the area of studying the function and applications of ion-channel aquaporins. We have a particular focus on research related to engineering plant aquaporin function towards boosting future food security, and on research related to the study of ion channel aquaporins in plants and other Kingdoms of life.

We are looking forward to discussing potential avenues to engineer aquaporin function towards supporting future stability in crop productivity, improve water security and determine signaling processes that influence aquaporin function. Topics related to aquaporin permeability, regulation, signaling, physiological roles and evolutionary origins will be covered in the workshop.

There will be talks selected from submitted abstracts and registered speakers selected from abstract submissions will receive registration reimbursement. Courtesy of the Australian Society of Plant Scientists there is support for PhD/ECR student travel, and it would be wonderful if you are happy to encourage PhD/ECR students working on relevant research to contact us about sending in an abstract and applying for PhD student travel support towards participating in the workshop. The workshop is supported by the Australia-Japan Foundation and the Australian National University.

Further information related to the workshop can be found at the following webpage: https://biology.anu.edu.au/news-events/events/workshop-engineering-ion-channel-aquaporins-and-boosting-food-security

3. RN Robertson Travelling Fellowship. Applications opened 3rd February and close 2nd March 2020. Details here

4. ComBio2020 and IPMB2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Here are reports from Kara Levin and Celine Mens, 2019 Plant Nutrition Trust Awardees.

Report on the Plant Biology 2019 conference: Plant Nutrition Trust, Kara Levin, University of Adelaide.

Plant Biology 2019, an event hosted by ASPB (American Society of Plant Biologists), took place in San Jose, California. I had the privilege to attend this conference along with over 1400 attendees. The conference covered a large number of areas within plant biology over the five days and was set-up to include major symposia sessions in the morning, networking events over lunch, and smaller specialised concurrent sessions in the afternoon. The major symposia talks covered some of the most interesting topics, many of them focused on seeing the larger picture within their niche field of research. An important concept presented at the conference was that the plant receptors used for triggering a symbiotic relationship with a pathogen were the same as those used to trigger a plant immune response – which raises the question on how such contrasting outputs are regulated by the same receptors. The data presented indicates that these receptors are influenced by the nutrient status of the plant. A plant experiencing nutrient deficiency is more likely to trigger a symbiotic response while one that is nutrient-sufficient will activate an immune response. This is an interesting concept for rhizosphere interactions, where a plant that is perhaps nitrogen deficient will induce symbiosis with microorganisms in the soil in order to reach sufficient nitrogen levels. This idea of dynamic plant responses should be considered in plant nutrition research.

Another fascinating talk was during the ‘Plant Synthetic Biology’ section. A group at the Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology have created a more efficient Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle by using synthetic enzymes. Although applying this CO₂-fixing system into agriculture is still in the research phase, it provided insights into the kind of ground-breaking research that is being made possible with new emerging technologies.

I presented a novel discovery from my PhD research on interactions between cereal cyst nematode and wheat during the symposia of ‘Plant-Biotic Interactions’. This was an exciting opportunity to discuss my results with a range of international researchers working on similar plant interactions. These discussions helped confirm my research findings as other researchers provided further evidence from their independent studies which reaffirmed of these novel plant-nematode interactions observed in my research. I sincerely thank ASPS for awarding me the Plant Nutrition Trust Travel Scholarship to assist in my conference travels. Attending Plant Biology 2019 was a great experience and perfectly timed as I finish writing a manuscript on my presented research as well as the rest of my PhD thesis.

 

Lastly, and importantly,  there is only one week left to apply for our Society awards. Apply Now!

We are also rolling out banners for each of our states to display at conferences, meetings and workshops. See the banner mask below.

If you have some great images, email them to Tam Salter.

Please ensure they are .PNG , .jpg, .TIFF, or .pdf, with greater than 300 dpi, email: william.salter@sydney.edu.au

If the images have people, they will have to sign a permission form: ASPSbanner2020 Please print the permission form and have them sign then send along with your image to Tam, we look forward to receiving your images.

 

 

 

Dear ASPS members,

Applications for numerous prestigious ASPS awards are currently opened with a closing date 14^th of February 2020.

The January edition of Phytogen is out now and can be accessed HERE.

The January 2020 Global Plant Council e-bulletin can be accessed HERE.

 

ASPS Research Awards

The Peter Goldacre Award and the Jan Anderson Award are the premier research awards from ASPS. The Peter Goldacre award is awarded for research contributions for early/mid-career researchers (male or female) within 10 years since PhD, and the Jan Anderson Award specifically recognises the significant contribution of mid-career female researchers.

ASPS Teaching Awards

The ASPS Teaching Award recognises excellence, innovation and/or other contributions with successful learning outcomes to teaching plant science at the University level.

Applications for these awards need to be sent to the secretary@asps.org.au by the 14^th of February, 2020.

 

Please see full details and eligibility requirements on the ASPS website: https://www.asps.org.au/awards

Kind regards,

Dr Simon Williams

Honorary Secretary, ASPS

It is a New Year and a new decade. Over the last couple of months, you might have been reflecting on how tough the ecology in our country, Australia; has to be. Our plants and soils are quite well adapted to recover after the last couple of months of bushfires, and hot days with lots of sun exposure.

There are many incredible articles to read. Click on the pictures to read articles about recovery and protecting the Wollemi pine.

There have also been downpours of rain and hail for our plants to contend with. Another post from 2014 explains the science.

Throughout 2020 we wish you all the best for resuming your experiments and interpreting the results. Nominations are now open until the Friday 14th February 2020 for our society awards. Follow this link to the awards page and to find out all the details.

Upcoming in February, is NEPS, with open consultation in each state.

Our meeting is in September and also save the date for Sunday 24th October 2021.

IPMB2021 will be an event not to be missed. You can keep up with the community as this meeting progresses by checking the plantae website.